The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of non-genetic factors on production and reproduction traits of Sahiwal cattle. The effects of period of birth, season of birth, period of calving, season of calving, and parity on various production and reproduction traits were examined using data from 238 Sahiwal cows kept at the Cattle breeding farm, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana. The overall least squares means of total milk yield (TMY), 300 days milk yield (300D MY), lactation length (LL), dry period (DP), service period (SP), calving interval (CI) and AI per conception (AI/conception) were 1765.08 ± 142.49 kg, 1730.08 ± 133.90 kg, 257.70 ± 14.76 days, 175.36 ± 23.33 days, 144.25 ± 23.29 days, 432.35 ± 23.63 days and 1.49 ± 0.18, respectively. Among the non-genetic factors, the period of birth had significant (p<0.05) effect on TMY, 300D MY, LL and DP and period of calving had highly significant (p<0.01) effect on all traits (TMY, 300D MY, LL, DP, SP, CI and AI/conception) taken into consideration. The season of birth and season of calving had no significant effect on these traits indicating the endurance of Sahiwal cattle to the hot tropical climatic conditions with respect to the above traits. It was therefore, concluded that, Sahiwal cattle performance was affected by non-genetic factors.